Basic Verbs

1. Барырға

   Baryrgha

   To go

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to go"

   Grammar Note

   The infinitive ends in -ырға/-ергә and similar forms, chosen by vowel harmony.

2. Килергә

   Kilergä

   To come

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to come"

   Grammar Note

   The stem has front vowels, so the infinitive ends in -ергә.

3. Ашарға

   Ashargha

   To eat

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to eat"

   Grammar Note

   The stem is "аш-", identical to the noun "аш" (meal, soup).

4. Эсергә

   Esergä

   To drink

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to drink"

   Grammar Note

   The stem is "эс-".

5. Һатып алырға

   Hatyp alyrgha

   To buy

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to buy"

   Grammar Note

   A two-word verb, literally "sell and take". "һатырға" alone means "to sell".

6. Күрергә

   Kürergä

   To see

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to see"

   Grammar Note

   The stem is "күр-".

7. Көтөргә

   Kötörgä

   To wait

   Usage

   The dictionary form of "to wait"

   Grammar Note

   The stem is "көт-". The polite imperative is "көтөгөҙ".

8. Барғым килә

   Barghym kilä

   I want to go

   Usage

   Expresses a wish to go

   Grammar Note

   The pattern verb stem + -ғы + possessive ending + "килә" means "I feel like …".

9. Ашағым килә

   Ashaghym kilä

   I'm hungry / I want to eat

   Usage

   Said when you want to eat or are hungry

   Grammar Note

   The "want to" pattern; "аш-" takes -ағым.

10. Мин быны теләйем

    Min byny teläyem

    I want this

    Usage

    Said while pointing at what you want

    Grammar Note

    "быны" is the accusative of "был". "теләйем" is the first person of "теләргә" (to want). Composed with regular grammar.

11. Миңә кәрәкмәй

    Miñä käräkmäy

    I don't need it

    Usage

    To decline something offered

    Grammar Note

    Uses the dative "миңә" (to me). "кәрәк" (needed) takes the negative -мәй.

12. Мин уны эҙләйем

    Min uny edhläyem

    I'm looking for it

    Usage

    Says what you are looking for

    Grammar Note

    "уны" is the accusative of "ул". "эҙләйем" is the first-person present of "эҙләргә" (to look for). Composed with regular grammar.

13. Миндә бар

    Mindä bar

    I have it

    Usage

    Says that you have something

    Grammar Note

    "мин" in the locative, "миндә", + "бар": "I have".

14. Миндә юҡ

    Mindä yuq

    I don't have it

    Usage

    Says that you do not have something

    Grammar Note

    The negative of "бар" is "юҡ".

15. Миңә әйтегеҙ әле

    Miñä äytegedh äle

    Please tell me

    Usage

    Polite request for directions or information

    Grammar Note

    "әле" is a particle that softens a command. Composed with regular grammar.

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