Өфө
Öfö
Ufa (capital of Bashkortostan)
Usage
The capital of the republic, where two rivers join the Agidel. In Russian it is written Уфа
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach to it: Өфөгә (to Ufa), Өфөлә (in Ufa).
Стәрлетамаҡ
Stärletamaq
Sterlitamak (second city of Bashkortostan)
Usage
A city in the south of the republic on the Ashkadar river. In Russian it is written Стерлитамак
Grammar Note
A proper name. The final "ҡ" is far back in the throat; with case suffixes: Стәрлетамаҡҡа (to), Стәрлетамаҡта (in).
Нефтекама
Neftekama
Neftekama (city in the north-west)
Usage
The fourth city of the republic by population and output. In Russian it is written Нефтекамск
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Нефтекамаға (to), Нефтекамала (in).
Ишембай
Ishembay
Ishimbay (city on the Agidel)
Usage
A city about 160 km south of Ufa. In Russian it is written Ишимбай
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Ишембайға (to), Ишембайҙа (in). The vowels differ from the Russian spelling.
Мәләүез
Mäläwyez
Meleuz (city in the south-west)
Usage
A city where the Meleuz river flows into the Agidel. In Russian it is written Мелеуз
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Мәләүезгә (to), Мәләүездә (in).
Сибай
Sibay
Sibay (city in the south-east)
Usage
A city at the foot of the Irendyk mountains, the industrial and cultural centre of the south-east. Written Сибай in Russian too
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Сибайға (to), Сибайҙа (in).
Белорет
Beloret
Beloret (city on the Agidel)
Usage
A city about 245 km from Ufa. In Russian it is written Белорецк
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Белоретҡа (to), Белоретта (in); after final "т" the endings are voiceless.
Бәләбәй
Bäläbäy
Belebey (city in the south-west)
Usage
A city on the left bank of the Usen river. In Russian it is written Белебей
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Бәләбәйгә (to), Бәләбәйҙә (in).
Күмертау
Kümertaw
Kumertau (city in the south)
Usage
A city about 250 km south of Ufa. In Russian it is written Кумертау
Grammar Note
The name combines күмер "coal" and тау "mountain". Case suffixes attach: Күмертауҙа (in).
Учалы
Uchaly
Uchaly (city in the east)
Usage
A city in the east at the foot of the Urals, about 350 km from Ufa. Written Учалы in Russian too
Grammar Note
A proper name. The directional ending "-ға" attaches: Учалыға (to Uchaly).
Туймазы
Tuymazy
Tuymazy (city in the west)
Usage
The centre of the Tuymazy district. Written Туймазы in Russian too
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Туймазыға (to), Туймазынан (from).
Дүртөйлө
Dürtöylö
Durtuli (city on the Agidel)
Usage
A city about 123 km north-west of Ufa. In Russian it is written Дюртюли
Grammar Note
A proper name. Case suffixes attach: Дүртөйлөлә (in), Дүртөйлөнән (from).
Дәүләкән
Däwläkän
Dawlekan (city on the Dim)
Usage
A railway city about 96 km south-west of Ufa. In Russian it is written Давлеканово
Grammar Note
A proper name. The directional ending "-гә" attaches: Дәүләкәнгә (to).
Яңауыл
Yañawyl
Yanaul (city in the north-west)
Usage
A city in the north-west of the republic. In Russian it is written Янаул
Grammar Note
The name goes back to "new village" and is written as one word: Яңауыл.
Асылыкүл
Asylykül
Lake Asylykul (largest lake of Bashkortostan)
Usage
The largest lake in the republic, about 27 km north-west of Dawlekan. In Russian it is written Асылыкуль
Grammar Note
The name ends in күл "lake". Case suffixes attach: Асылыкүлдә (at the lake), Асылыкүлдең (of the lake).
Ҡандракүл
Qandrakül
Lake Qandrakul (second-largest lake)
Usage
A lake in the Tuymazy district, second in size after Asylykul. In Russian it is written Кандры-Куль
Grammar Note
The name ends in күл "lake". The initial "Ҡ" is far back in the throat.
Ирәмәл
Irämäl
Mount Iremel (second-highest peak of the Southern Urals)
Usage
The second-highest mountain of the Southern Urals, with two peaks: Great Iremel (about 1,582 m) and Little Iremel. In Russian it is written Иремель
Grammar Note
A mountain name. The two peaks are told apart as Оло Ирәмәл (Great) and Кесе Ирәмәл (Little).
Ямантау
Yamantaw
Mount Yamantau (highest point of the Southern Urals)
Usage
A massif in the South Ural nature reserve. Great Yamantau (1,640 m) is the highest point of the Southern Urals. In Russian it is written Ямантау
Grammar Note
The name combines яман "bad" and тау "mountain". The peaks are Оло Ямантау (Great) and Кесе Ямантау (Little).
Урал тауҙары
Ural tawdhary
The Ural Mountains
Usage
The mountain range that runs through the east of Bashkortostan
Grammar Note
Тауҙары is the plural of тау "mountain" with a possessive ending. The name takes case suffixes too: Уралда (in the Urals).
Шүлгәнташ мәмерйәһе
Shülgäntash mämeryähe
Shulgan-Tash Cave (known for Palaeolithic paintings)
Usage
A cave on the right bank of the Agidel in the Burzyan district, known for rock paintings made in the Palaeolithic. In Russian it is written Шульган-Таш (Kapova cave)
Grammar Note
Мәмерйәһе is мәмерйә "cave" with the possessive ending -һе: "the cave of …".
Салауат Юлаев мәмерйәһе
Salawat Yulayev mämeryähe
Salawat Yulayev Cave
Usage
A cave in the Ishimbay district named after the national hero. In Russian it is called Пещера Салавата Юлаева
Grammar Note
A person's name followed by мәмерйәһе "the cave of …". The given name comes before the surname.
Салауат Юлаев һәйкәле
Salawat Yulayev häykäle
Salawat Yulayev Monument (equestrian statue in Ufa)
Usage
An equestrian statue of the national hero, erected in Ufa in 1967 and said to be the largest in Europe. In Russian it is called Памятник Салавату Юлаеву
Grammar Note
Һәйкәле is һәйкәл "monument" with the possessive ending: "the monument of …".
Ағиҙел йылғаһы
Aghidhel yylghahy
Agidel River (Russian: Belaya)
Usage
The largest river of the republic. Ufa lies where other rivers join it. In Russian it is called Белая
Grammar Note
Йылғаһы is йылға "river" with a possessive ending. The bare name also takes case suffixes: Ағиҙелгә (to the Agidel).
Ҡариҙел йылғаһы
Qaridhel yylghahy
Karidel River (Russian: Ufa River)
Usage
A river that joins the Agidel south of Ufa. In Russian it has the same name as the city, Уфа
Grammar Note
The initial "Ҡ" is far back in the throat; "ҙ" is a voiced sound with the tongue between the teeth.
Дим йылғаһы
Dim yylghahy
Dim River (Russian: Dyoma)
Usage
A left tributary of the Agidel, joining it south of Ufa. In Russian it is called Дёма
Grammar Note
The bare name also takes case suffixes: Димгә (to the Dim).
Көньяҡ Урал ҡурсаулығы
Könyaq Ural qursawlyghy
South Ural Nature Reserve
Usage
A state nature reserve in the Beloret district that protects the mountain taiga of the Southern Urals. In Russian it is called Южно-Уральский заповедник
Grammar Note
Ҡурсаулығы is ҡурсаулыҡ "nature reserve" with a possessive ending, preceded by the region Көньяҡ Урал "Southern Urals".
Шүлгәнташ ҡурсаулығы
Shülgäntash qursawlyghy
Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve
Usage
A nature reserve in the mountains and forests of the Burzyan district. In Russian it is written Шульган-Таш
Grammar Note
A place name followed by ҡурсаулығы "the nature reserve of …".
Бөрйән районы
Böryän rayony
Burzyan District (mountainous south-east)
Usage
A mountainous district in the south-east with the Shulgan-Tash cave. In Russian it is called Бурзянский район
Grammar Note
Районы is район "district" with a possessive ending: "the … district".
Башҡортостан
Bashqortostan
Bashkortostan (Republic of Bashkortostan)
Usage
The republic stretching across the Southern Urals, where Bashkir is a state language. In Russian it is written Башкортостан
Grammar Note
The name is башҡорт "Bashkir" plus -остан "land of". Case suffixes attach: Башҡортостанда (in), Башҡортостанға (to).
Мостай Кәрим исемендәге Өфө халыҡ-ара аэропорты
Mostay Kärim isemendäge Öfö khalyq-ara aeroporty
Mustai Karim Ufa International Airport
Usage
The international airport of Ufa, named after the poet. In Russian it is called Международный аэропорт Уфа имени Мустая Карима
Grammar Note
исемендәге means "named after …"; аэропорты is аэропорт with a possessive ending and closes the name.
Башҡорт дәүләт опера һәм балет театры
Bashqort däwlät opera häm balet teatry
Bashkir State Opera and Ballet Theatre (Ufa)
Usage
A theatre in Ufa that is also a historic building. In Russian it is called Башкирский государственный театр оперы и балета
Grammar Note
опера һәм балет means "opera and ballet" (һәм = and); театры is театр with a possessive ending and closes the name.
More Bashkir phrases
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