Хәҙер сәғәт нисә?
Khädher säghät nisä?
What time is it now?
Usage
Ask the current time
Grammar Note
"Сәғәт нисә?" (what time?) with "хәҙер" (now) added. A fixed everyday question.
Бөгөн ниндәй көн?
Bögön nindäy kön?
What day is today?
Usage
Ask what day of the week it is
Grammar Note
"Ниндәй" (what kind of) is the Bashkir form, not Tatar "нинди"; "бөгөн" (today), not Tatar "бүген".
Иртәгә осрашабыҙ
Irtägä osrashabydh
We will meet tomorrow
Usage
Arrange to meet tomorrow
Grammar Note
Present tense of осраш- "to meet" with -абыҙ "we"; states a plan. Composed with regular grammar.
Кисә нимә булды?
Kisä nimä buldy?
What happened yesterday?
Usage
Ask what happened yesterday
Grammar Note
"Булды" is the past tense of бул- "to be, to happen". Composed with regular grammar.
Дүшәмбе — Шишәмбе — Шаршамбы — Кесаҙна — Йома — Шәмбе — Йәкшәмбе
Düshämbe — Shishämbe — Sharshamby — Kesadhna — Yoma — Shämbe — Yäkshämbe
Monday – Tuesday – Wednesday – Thursday – Friday – Saturday – Sunday
Usage
The seven days of the week, Monday to Sunday
Grammar Note
Most day names come from Persian ("Йома" is of Arabic origin; "Кесаҙна" is a contraction of "кесе аҙна"). Compared with Tatar, Tuesday "Шишәмбе", Wednesday "Шаршамбы", Thursday "Кесаҙна" and Friday "Йома" are spelled differently.
Ғинуар — Февраль — Март — Апрель — Май — Июнь
Ghinuar — Fevral — Mart — Aprel — May — Iyun
January – February – March – April – May – June
Usage
Names of the months January to June
Grammar Note
Apart from "Ғинуар", the month names share their spelling with Russian. Month names are lower-case inside a sentence.
Июль — Август — Сентябрь — Октябрь — Ноябрь — Декабрь
Iyul — Avgust — Sentyabr — Oktyabr — Noyabr — Dekabr
July – August – September – October – November – December
Usage
Names of the months July to December
Grammar Note
Month names share their spelling with Russian and are lower-case inside a sentence.
Иртән — көндөҙ — кисен — төнөн
Irtän — köndödh — kisen — tönön
In the morning / during the day / in the evening / at night
Usage
Words for the parts of the day
Grammar Note
These adverbs of time often end in -н: иртән, кисен, төнөн. "Көндөҙ" has no such ending.
Мин бер аҙнанан китәм
Min ber adhnanan kitäm
I am leaving in one week
Usage
Say you will leave in a week
Grammar Note
The ablative -нан on "аҙна" (week) gives "after a week". Composed with regular grammar.
Был былтыр булды
Byl byltyr buldy
That happened last year
Usage
Say it happened last year
Grammar Note
Composed with regular grammar.
Хәҙер үк
Khädher ük
Right now
Usage
Say "right now" with emphasis
Grammar Note
"Үк" is an emphatic particle that stresses the word before it.
Һеҙгә нисә йәш?
Hedhgä nisä yäsh?
How old are you?
Usage
Politely ask someone's age
Grammar Note
Fixed pattern "to you how many years". The polite "һеҙ" is used.
Байрам менән!
Bayram menän!
Happy holiday!
Usage
Congratulate someone on a holiday
Grammar Note
"Байрам менән!" is the short congratulation on a holiday; it is often extended to "Һеҙҙе байрам менән!".
Бер көн
Ber kön
One day
Usage
State a duration of one day
Grammar Note
The noun after the numeral "бер" stays singular.
Ярты көн
Yarty kön
Half a day
Usage
Indicate half a day
Grammar Note
"Ярты" means "half" and stands before the noun.
Бер аҙна
Ber adhna
One week
Usage
State a duration such as a stay of one week
Grammar Note
"Аҙна" means "week".
Бер ай
Ber ay
One month
Usage
State a duration of one month
Grammar Note
"Ай" means both "month" and "moon".
Бер йыл
Ber yyl
One year
Usage
State a duration of one year
Grammar Note
"Йыл" means "year".
Дүшәмбе
Düshämbe
Monday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Monday. The word comes from Persian.
Шишәмбе
Shishämbe
Tuesday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Tuesday. Spelled differently from Tatar "Сишәмбе".
Шаршамбы
Sharshamby
Wednesday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Wednesday. Spelled differently from Tatar "Чәршәмбе".
Кесаҙна
Kesadhna
Thursday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Thursday. A contracted form of "кесе аҙна" ("little week").
Йома
Yoma
Friday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Friday. Of Arabic origin; Tatar writes "Җомга".
Шәмбе
Shämbe
Saturday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Saturday. The word comes from Persian.
Йәкшәмбе
Yäkshämbe
Sunday
Usage
Name the day of the week
Grammar Note
Sunday. The word comes from Persian.
Бөгөн
Bögön
Today
Usage
Refer to today
Grammar Note
Written "бөгөн", not Tatar "бүген".
Иртәгә
Irtägä
Tomorrow
Usage
Refer to tomorrow
Grammar Note
Related to "иртә" (morning, early).
Кисә
Kisä
Yesterday
Usage
Refer to yesterday
Grammar Note
Shares a root with "кис" (evening).
Хәҙер
Khädher
Now
Usage
Refer to the present moment
Grammar Note
Written with "ҙ", unlike Tatar "хәзер".
Һуңыраҡ
Huñyraq
Later
Usage
Say "later"
Grammar Note
"Һуң" (late, after) plus the comparative -раҡ.
Бер сәғәт
Ber säghät
One hour
Usage
State a duration of one hour
Grammar Note
"Сәғәт" means both "hour" and "clock".
Ике сәғәт
Ike säghät
Two hours
Usage
State a duration of two hours
Grammar Note
The noun after a numeral is not pluralised.
Ярты сәғәт
Yarty säghät
Half an hour (thirty minutes)
Usage
State a duration of thirty minutes
Grammar Note
"Ярты сәғәт" is "half an hour", i.e. thirty minutes.
Иртә
Irtä
Morning
Usage
Refer to the morning
Grammar Note
"Иртә" means both "morning" and "early".
Төш ваҡыты
Tösh vaqyty
Midday
Usage
Refer to midday
Grammar Note
Alone, "төш" also means "dream", so "ваҡыты" (time) is added to mean midday.
Кис
Kis
Evening
Usage
Refer to the evening
Grammar Note
The counterpart of Tatar "кич".
Төн
Tön
Night
Usage
Refer to the night
Grammar Note
The bare noun for "night".
Төн уртаһы
Tön urtahy
Middle of the night
Usage
Refer to the middle of the night
Grammar Note
"Төн" (night) plus "уртаһы" (its middle): a noun with a possessive ending.
Көн дә
Kön dä
Every day
Usage
Say something happens every day
Grammar Note
"Көн дә" means "every day"; "дә" is an inclusive particle.
Аҙна һайын
Adhna hayyn
Every week
Usage
Say something happens every week
Grammar Note
"Һайын" is a postposition meaning "every".
Ай һайын
Ay hayyn
Every month
Usage
Say something happens every month
Grammar Note
"Һайын" is a postposition meaning "every".
Был аҙнала
Byl adhnala
This week
Usage
Refer to this week
Grammar Note
The locative -ла on "аҙна" gives "in the week". Composed with regular grammar.
Киләһе аҙнала
Kilähe adhnala
Next week
Usage
Refer to next week
Grammar Note
"Киләһе" (next) works with weeks as well as with other nouns.
Үткән аҙнала
Ütkän adhnala
Last week
Usage
Refer to last week
Grammar Note
"Үткән" is the past participle of үт- "to pass".
Ял көндәре
Yal köndäre
Weekend (days off)
Usage
Refer to the weekend or days off
Grammar Note
"Ял көндәре" literally means "rest days" and covers the weekend.
Ғинуар
Ghinuar
January
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Uses the letter "Ғ"; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Февраль
Fevral
February
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Март
Mart
March
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Апрель
Aprel
April
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Май
May
May
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
The month "май" is identical in form to the word for "fat, butter". Written in lower case inside a sentence.
Июнь
Iyun
June
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Июль
Iyul
July
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Август
Avgust
August
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Сентябрь
Sentyabr
September
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Октябрь
Oktyabr
October
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Ноябрь
Noyabr
November
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
Декабрь
Dekabr
December
Usage
Name the month
Grammar Note
Spelled as in Russian; written in lower case inside a sentence.
More Bashkir phrases
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